CentOS下mysql5+php5(FastCGI)+nginx环境安装配置
由于生产环境都是freebsd平台，之前也写了一篇FreeBSD下安装mysql5.1.70+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器，有童鞋想要帮忙写一篇关于centos下的安装教程，其实网上也有很多，但是好多都不是太完整，或多或少的出现些问题，所以就写了一篇 centos 5.5下安装mysql5.1.70+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器
在高并发连接的情况下，nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。根据我的测试结果，Nginx 1.2.7 + PHP 5.2.17 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数，相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍。
第一步：安装系统环境需要的软件
| 代码如下 | |
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yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5-libs krb5-devel krb5-server libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers |
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第二步：编译安装PHP所需要的库
| 代码如下 | |
| mkdir -p /data/soft mkdir -p /data/src cd /data/src wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.13.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make && make install cd .. wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ ./configure make && make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make && make install cd ../../ wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2/download tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2 cd mhash-0.9.9.9 ./configure make && make install echo "/usr/local/lib" >>/etc/ld.so.conf /sbin/ldconfig cd .. wget http://vps.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8 /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make && make install |
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第三步：编译安装mysql
| 代码如下 | |
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cd /data/src |
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以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：
| 代码如下 | |
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/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/data/soft/mysql --datadir=/data/database --user=mysql |
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创建mysql配置文件
| 代码如下 | |
| rm -rf /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf vi /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf |
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如下：
| 代码如下 | |
| [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysql] no-auto-rehash [mysqld] user = mysql port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock basedir = /data/soft/mysql datadir = /data/database skip-name-resolve open_files_limit = 600 back_log = 20 max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 200 table_cache = 60 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet = 16M sort_buffer_size = 128K join_buffer_size = 128K thread_cache_size = 10 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 2M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k default_table_type = MyISAM thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = READ-UNCOMMITTED tmp_table_size = 512K max_heap_table_size = 32M long_query_time = 1 log_long_format server-id = 1 #log-bin = /data/soft/mysql/binlog binlog_cache_size = 2M max_binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_size = 512M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 4M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 2M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 4M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M |
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修改mysqld脚本
| 代码如下 | |
| cp /data/soft/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld vi /etc/init.d/mysqld |
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修改
| 代码如下 | |
| basedir=/data/soft/mysql datadir=/data/database ln -s /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf |
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启动mysql
| 代码如下 | |
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service mysqld start |
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测试登录mysql
| 代码如下 | |
| /data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p mysql> createdatabase hello; chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on chkconfig --list |grep mysqld service mysqld restart |
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第四步：编译安装PHP（FastCGI）
1、安装php-5.2.17
| 代码如下 | |
| cd /data/src wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.gz/from/this/mirror wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz wget http://www.92csz.com/downloads/php-5.2.17-max-input-vars.patch tar zxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1 cd php-5.2.17 patch -p1 < ../php-5.2.17-max-input-vars.patch sed -i "s/!png_check_sig (sig, 8)/png_sig_cmp (sig, 0, 8)/" ext/gd/libgd/gd_png.c cp ../fopen_wrappers.c main/ 此处参考FreeBSD下php修改源代码解决nginx虚拟主机防webshell跨目录 ./configure --prefix=/data/soft/php --with-config-file-path=/data/soft/php/etc --with-mysql=/data/soft/mysql --with-mysqli=/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make install cp php.ini-dist /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini cd .. |
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2、编译安装PHP5扩展模块
| 代码如下 | |
| wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz tar zxvf memcache-2.2.6.tgz cd memcache-2.2.6/ /data/soft/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd .. wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/ /data/soft/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --without-eaccelerator-use-inode make && make install cd .. wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2 /data/soft/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/data/soft/mysql make && make install cd .. wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/73608965/ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz cd ImageMagick-6.7.0-8 ./configure make && make install cd .. wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz cd imagick-3.0.1 /data/soft/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd .. |
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3、修改php.ini文件
| 代码如下 | |
| sed -i "s/output_buffering = Off/output_buffering = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/extension_dir =/; extension_dir =/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i 's%;open_basedir =%open_basedir ="/tmp/:/data/www/"%' /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/disable_functions =/disable_functions = popen,pentl_exec,passthru,exec,system,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,show_source,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,curl_exec,curl_multi_exec,parse_ini_file,assert/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/expose_php = On/expose_php = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/display_errors = On/display_errors = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/log_errors = Off/log_errors = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini |
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在php.ini最后添加如下：
| 代码如下 | |
| extension_dir = "/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/" extension = "memcache.so" extension = "pdo_mysql.so" extension = "imagick.so" [eaccelerator] zend_extension="/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so" eaccelerator.shm_size="1" eaccelerator.cache_dir="/data/soft/eaccelerator_cache" eaccelerator.enable="1" eaccelerator.optimizer="1" eaccelerator.check_mtime="1" eaccelerator.debug="0" eaccelerator.filter="" eaccelerator.shm_max="0" eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600" eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600" eaccelerator.shm_only="0" eaccelerator.compress="1" eaccelerator.compress_level="9" eaccelerator.keys = "disk_only" eaccelerator.sessions = "disk_only" eaccelerator.content = "disk_only" |
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4、创建eAccelerator缓存目录
| 代码如下 | |
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mkdir -p /data/soft/eaccelerator_cache |
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5、创建php-fpm.conf文件
| 代码如下 | |
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rm /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf |
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如下：
| 代码如下 | |
| <?xml version="1.0" ?> <configuration> All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix <section name="global_options"> Pid file <value name="pid_file">/data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value> Error log file <value name="error_log">/data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value> Log level <value name="log_level">notice</value> When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ... <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value> ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated. Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory. <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value> Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value> Set to 'no' to debug fpm <value name="daemonize">yes</value> </section> <workers> <section name="pool"> Name of pool. Used in logs and stats. <value name="name">default</value> Address to accept fastcgi requests on. Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket' <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value> <value name="listen_options"> Set listen(2) backlog <value name="backlog">-1</value> Set permissions for unix socket, if one used. In linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server. Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. <value name="owner"></value> <value name="group"></value> <value name="mode">0666</value> </value> Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. <value name="php_defines"> <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value> <value name="display_errors">1</value> </value> Unix user of processes <value name="user">www</value> Unix group of processes <value name="group">www</value> Process manager settings <value name="pm"> Sets style of controling worker process count. Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like' <value name="style">static</value> Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served. Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi Used with any pm_style. <value name="max_children">8</value> Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style <value name="apache_like"> Sets the number of server processes created on startup. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="StartServers">20</value> Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value> Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value> </value> </value> The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason '0s' means 'off' <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value> The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file '0s' means 'off' <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value> The log file for slow requests <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value> Set open file desc rlimit <value name="rlimit_files">65535</value> Set max core size rlimit <value name="rlimit_core">0</value> Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path <value name="chroot"></value> Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path <value name="chdir"></value> Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value> How much requests each process should execute before respawn. Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For endless request processing please specify 0 Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS <value name="max_requests">1024</value> Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect. Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+) Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket. <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value> Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH <value name="environment"> <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value> <value name="TMP">/tmp</value> <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value> <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value> <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value> <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value> <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value> </value> </section> </workers> </configuration> |
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6、创建www用户及启动php-fpm并加入启动脚本
| 代码如下 | |
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/usr/sbin/groupadd www |
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第五步、编译安装Nginx-1.0.1
1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库
| 代码如下 | |
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wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.21.tar.gz |
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2、安装nginx
| 代码如下 | |
| wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.7.tar.gz tar zxvf nginx-1.2.7.tar.gz cd nginx-1.2.7 ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/data/soft/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module make && make install cd .. |
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3、创建nginx配置文件
| 代码如下 | |
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rm -f /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf |
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如下：
| 代码如下 | |
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user www www; |
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4、启动nginx并进行测试
| 代码如下 | |
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/data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx -t |
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