MySQL 数据库中删除重复记录方法总结
MYSQL数据库中,经常会遇到重复记录的情况,那么就需要SQL删除重复记录,下面为您列举了四种删除重复记录的方式,用于不同的情况,希望对您有所帮助。
1、查找表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断
代码如下 | |
select * from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1) |
2、SQL删除重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断,只留有rowid最小的记录
代码如下 | |
delete from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId )>1) |
3、查找表中多余的重复记录(多个字段)
代码如下 | |
select * from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1) |
4、删除表中多余的重复记录(多个字段),只留有rowid最小的记录
代码如下 | |
delete from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1) |
演示数据
表结构:
代码如下 | |
mysql> desc demo; +-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | site | varchar(100) | NO | MUL | | | +-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+----+------------------------+ | id | site | +----+------------------------+ | 1 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 2 | http://安卓主题_www.111cn.net | | 3 | http://www.zhutiy.com | | 4 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 5 | http://www.zhutiy.com | +----+------------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
当没有创建表或创建索引权限的时候,可以用下面的方法:
如果你要删除较旧的重复记录,可以使用下面的语句:
代码如下 | |
mysql> delete from a -> using demo as a, demo as b -> where (a.id > b.id) -> and (a.site = b.site); Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> select * from demo order by id; +----+------------------------+ | id | site | +----+------------------------+ | 1 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 2 | http://安卓主题_www.111cn.net | | 3 | http://www.zhutiy.com | +----+------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
如果你要删除较新的重复记录,可以使用下面的语句:
代码如下 | |
mysql> delete from a -> using demo as a, demo as b -> where (a.id < b.id) -> and (a.site = b.site); Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> select * from demo order by id; +----+------------------------+ | id | site | +----+------------------------+ | 2 | http://安卓主题_www.111cn.net | | 4 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 5 | http://www.zhutiy.com | +----+------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
你可以用下面的语句先确认将被删除的重复记录:
代码如下 | |
mysql> SELECT a.* -> FROM demo a, demo b -> WHERE a.id > b.id -> AND (a.site = b.site); +----+------------------------+ | id | site | +----+------------------------+ | 1 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 3 | http://www.zhutiy.com | +----+------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
如果有创建索引的权限,可以用下面的方法:
在表上创建唯一键索引:
代码如下 | |
mysql> alter ignore table demo add unique index ukey (site); Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.46 sec) Records: 5 Duplicates: 2 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from demo order by id; +----+------------------------+ | id | site | +----+------------------------+ | 1 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 2 | http://安卓主题_www.111cn.net | | 3 | http://www.zhutiy.com | +----+------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
重复记录被删除后,如果需要,可以删除索引:
代码如下 | |
mysql> alter table demo drop index ukey; Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.37 sec) Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 |
如果有创建表的权限,可以用下面的方法:
创建一个新表,然后将原表中不重复的数据插入新表:
代码如下 | |
mysql> create table demo_new as select * from demo group by site; Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.19 sec) Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> show tables; +----------------+ | Tables_in_test | +----------------+ | demo | | demo_new | +----------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from demo order by id; +----+------------------------+ | id | site | +----+------------------------+ | 1 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 2 | http://安卓主题_www.111cn.net | | 3 | http://www.zhutiy.com | | 4 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 5 | http://www.zhutiy.com | +----+------------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from demo_new order by id; +----+------------------------+ | id | site | +----+------------------------+ | 1 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 2 | http://安卓主题_www.111cn.net | | 3 | http://www.zhutiy.com | +----+------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
然后将原表备份,将新表重命名为当前表:
代码如下 | |
mysql> rename table demo to demo_old, demo_new to demo; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> show tables; +----------------+ | Tables_in_test | +----------------+ | demo | | demo_old | +----------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from demo order by id; +----+------------------------+ | id | site | +----+------------------------+ | 1 | http://www.111cn.netn | | 2 | http://安卓主题_www.111cn.net | | 3 | http://www.zhutiy.com | +----+------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
注意:使用这种方式创建的表会丢失原表的索引信息!
代码如下 | |
mysql> desc demo; +-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | site | varchar(100) | NO | | | | +-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
如果要保持和原表信息一致,你可以使用 show create table demo; 来查看原表的创建语句,然后使用原表的创建语句创建新表,接着使用 insert … select 语句插入数据,再重命名表即可。
实例
今天无意导入几个测试数据,发现测试数据中,有很多数据记录是相同的,我现在就想删除掉这些数据,
如何查询数据相同记录呢?这个好说,以下语句就可以查看相同记录的了:
代码如下 | |
SELECT COUNT(*) AS c, key_word FROM search_keywrod GROUP BY key_word HAVING c > 1 |
其中 HAVING c >1 代表相同记录数就有相同的了。
查询相同的是比较容易实现的了,但是想要删除这些重复的,估计就比较麻烦的了,因为你是要删除自身表里的记录,有些朋友可能就会使用到临时表,把相同需要删除的记录,导到时这个临时表,然后再通过临时表来删除主表。或者写一个临时程序,删除掉其中的一条重复记录。
以上二个方法删除重复记录,最大的麻烦就是操作繁琐。而我们今天介绍的就是利用MYSQL自身的语句,不创建临时表,不写程序来删除掉自身的重复记录。请看以下SQL语句:
代码如下 | |
SELECT t1.id, t1.key_word FROM search_keywrod t1, ( SELECT key_word, MIN(id) AS minid FROM search_keywrod GROUP BY key_word HAVING COUNT(key_word) > 1 )t2 WHERE t1.key_word = t2.key_word AND t1.id = t2.minid |
这条语句就跟我们第一条语句是一样的功能,但是这条语句好处就是MIN(id),可以控制是删除大的id重复记录(MAX),还是删除小的id重复记录(MIN)。
OK,经过改良的语句实现了查询,现在就可以利用DELETE FROM语句来删除了。
代码如下 | |
DELETE FROM search_keywrod WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM ( |
执行时,请多执行几次,因为每次删除时,只删除掉重复的一次记录,如果你一条记录重复五次,那你就要执行五次的了。所以多执行几次,直到没有可删除的记录了,这样你直接一条语句删除掉重复的mysql记录功能就实现了